China is promoting its development experience and achievements to the world through the values of "Chinese-style modernization," with the aim of showcasing its strength and gaining more ideological partners, while challenging Western powers led by the United States.
The three characteristics of Chinese-style modernization are as follows: First, it adheres to dictatorship and authoritarianism in the political field, with the Party's leadership being the core content. Second, it upholds a market economy in the economic field while retaining its authoritarian political control, forming a unique social organization. Third, it places the collective before the individual in the ideological field, allowing it to rapidly transform at the cost of sacrificing the interests of a few individuals during times of significant social crises.
In the 40 years of China's reform and opening-up process, it has achieved enormous economic success, with per capita GDP surpassing $10,000, giving China more confidence in its route and system. The philosophy of Chinese-style modernization advocates that modernization is not limited to the Western democratic constitutional system. China believes that the Western way of modernization is not universal, and many countries have failed to follow it. China has successfully achieved modernization through unique means, providing a reference for other developing countries. Therefore, China is offering these countries a new narrative that political democracy is not necessary for modernization, and an authoritarian system can also achieve it.
Peking University's "South-South College" is one of the main ways that China exports its modernization values. Many government officials, scholars, and business people from underdeveloped countries have joined the college through the selection mechanism of South-South cooperation. These students receive training in the philosophy and interpretation system of Chinese-style modernization at the South-South College and learn from China's successful experiences in the economic, political, and cultural fields, bringing these experiences back to their own countries and promoting local modernization processes.
Some of these historical students have been appointed as senior officials, such as finance ministers, foreign ministers, and economic ministers, and have implemented Chinese-style modernization policies in their countries, achieving certain results. At the same time, these officials have actively participated in South-South cooperation internationally, striving for more say and influence for their countries in the regional and global arena.
The concept of Chinese-style modernization allows rulers to have absolute power and inherit their position while achieving economic development, making it attractive. If China's value output succeeds in third world countries, the world will have more nations and people deeply suffering. As global citizens, everyone should work to recognize and alert others to be vigilant against this value system of China.
中国正在以“中国式现代化”这一价值观为代表,向全球传递其发展经验和成果,目的是向世界展示自己的实力并赢得更多的意识形态领域的合作伙伴,与以美国为代表的西方大国分庭抗礼。
中国式现代化的三个特点:第一个特点是在政治领域内坚持独裁和威权统治,即坚持党的领导,不能与其他政治组织分享权力,这是最核心的内容。党的领导就是独裁和威权,是共产党式的独裁统治,是一个威权体系;第二个特点是在经济领域内坚持市场经济,与苏联不同,中国嫁接了威权政治统治和市场经济,形成了特有的社会组织。中国政府是一个盈利性组织,GDP和经济发展成为政府发展中最重要的目标。尽管独裁体制对产权保护等市场经济原则会有冲突,但威权体系仍然全面拥抱市场经济;第三个特点是在意识形态领域内,它是集体为本位的,而不是个人为本位的。这种情况下,当遇到比较大的社会危机时,它可以牺牲少数人的利益为代价迅速地转型。
在40年的改革开放进程中,中国经济取得了巨大的成功,人均GDP已经超过1万美元,这让中国在路线自信和制度自信方面获得了更多的底气。中国式现代化的理念主张现代化不局限于西方民主宪政体系,即使没有这些制度,中国式现代化也可以通过其他方式实现。中国认为西方方式的现代化并非普世,很多国家试图效仿西方却未能成功,而中国则通过独特的方式成功实现了现代化,这为其他发展中国家提供了可供借鉴的经验。因此,中国正在向这些国家提供一个新的故事,即政治上并不需要民主,威权体系同样可以实现现代化。
北京大学的“南南学院”是中国现代化价值输出的主要手段之一。“南南学院”的学生中,有许多来自不发达国家的政府官员、学者和商人,他们都是通过南南合作计划的选拔机制加入该学院的。这些学生在南南学院接受了中国式现代化的理念和解释体系的培训,学习了中国在经济、政治和文化领域上的成功经验,并将这些经验带回自己的国家,推动了当地的现代化进程。
这些历史学生中,有一些政府官员在回国后被任命为高级官员,如财政部长、外交部长、经济部长等,他们在国内推行了中国式现代化的政策,取得了一定的成效。同时,这些官员还在国际上积极参与了南南合作,为自己国家在区域内乃至世界舞台上争取更多的发言权和影响力。
关于中国式现代化的理念,它既可以让统治者在威权统治下大权独揽、王位世袭,又可以让国家在经济发展上取得成功,这正是其具有足够吸引力的原因。如果中国的价值输出得以在第三世界国家获得成功,那么世界将有更多的国度和人民陷入深深的苦难。作为世界公民,每一个人都应努力识破并向身边人传递应对中国这一价值观具有警惕和防范。
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